什麼是超文本參考 (HREF)?

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什麼是超文本參考 (HREF)?

HREF 是超文本標記語言 (HTML) 中使用的屬性,用於指定連結的目標。當您在網頁上看到可點擊的文字時,其後面可能有 HREF 屬性,將您的瀏覽器指向新頁面或目前頁面的不同部分。將其視為數位路標,告訴您的瀏覽器下一步該去哪裡。

HREF 屬性在超文本標記語言 (HTML) 中是什麼樣子?

HREF 屬性位於 HTML 中的錨標記 (a) 內。例如,如果您想連結到 example.com,您可以在 HTML 中將其編寫為 訪問範例。此程式碼建立一個超鏈接,使用者可以點擊該超連結轉到指定的網址。

相對統一資源定位符 (URL) 如何與 HREF 搭配使用?

當您想要連結到同一網站內的文件時,相對 URL 會與 HREF 一起使用。與提供完整路徑的絕對 URL 不同,相對 URL 是指與目前檔案位置相關的檔案的簡寫形式。因此,如果您連結到同一目錄中的頁面,則可以使用 href="page2.html"。如果您需要進入目錄,您可以使用 href="../page3.html"。

HREF 如何與同一頁上的錨點搭配使用?

HREF 可以使用哈希符號後跟錨點名稱來指向同一頁上的錨點。如果您有一個標示為 id 屬性的部分,例如

HREF 是否允許連結到另一個網頁的特定部分?

當然,如果另一個網頁定義了錨點,HREF 可以連結到該網頁的特定部分。您可以使用頁面的 URL,後面跟著哈希符號和錨點名稱。例如, 將帶您前往「example.com」的「page.html」上標示「section2」的部分。

與 HREF 一起使用時,「tel」屬性有什麼作用?

「tel」屬性可讓您建立一個鏈接,在能夠撥打電話的裝置上點擊該連結即可發起電話呼叫。例如,當用戶點擊「呼叫我們」時,它將開始撥打號碼+1234567890。

HREF 是否可以與超文本傳輸協定 (HTTP) 和安全超文本傳輸協定 (HTTPS) 以外的其他協定一起使用?

是的,HREF 可以與各種協議一起使用。除了用於網頁的HTTP 和HTTPS 以及用於電子郵件的mailto 之外,您還可以使用file 連結到本機或網路磁碟機上的文件,使用ftp 連結到文件傳輸協定(FTP) 伺服器上可用的文件,等等。 HREF 屬性用途廣泛,可根據您的需求支援多種不同的方案。

HREF 連結的 rel 屬性中的「nofollow」值有何意義?

rel 屬性中的「nofollow」值告訴搜尋引擎不要追蹤特定連結。這意味著該連結不會有助於搜尋引擎對網站結構的理解,也不會傳遞任何排名或信任訊號。它通常用於指向不受信任的內容或付費鏈接的鏈接,您不想在其中暗示認可。

將目標屬性設定為「_blank」如何影響與 HREF 的連結?

將目標屬性設為「_blank」會強制連結在新的瀏覽器標籤或視窗中開啟。當您使用 時,它可以確保使用者的當前頁面保持開啟狀態,以便他們在查看連結頁面後輕鬆返回該頁面。

JavaScript 是否以任何方式使用 HREF?

是的,JavaScript 可以透過文件物件模型 (DOM) 操作 HREF。您可以使用 JavaScript 動態變更錨標記的 HREF 屬性,這對於根據使用者互動或 Web 應用程式中的其他條件更新連結非常有用。

HREF可以直接下載檔案嗎?

事實上,您可以使用 HREF 透過指向檔案位置來啟動檔案下載。要提示使用者下載文件而不是導航到該文件,您可以在錨標記中使用“download”屬性,例如 。

HREF 可以用於連結到使用者本機系統中的檔案位置嗎?

從技術上講,您可以使用文件協議創建一個指向本地文件系統上的文件的鏈接,例如 。然而,出於安全原因,當這些類型的連結放置在透過超文本傳輸協定(HTTP) 或安全超文本傳輸協定(HTTPS) 提供服務的網頁上時,現代Web 瀏覽器通常會限制這些類型的鏈接,因為它們可能會被濫用。

我可以使用 HREF 建立滾動到頁面頂部的連結嗎?

是的,HREF 的常見用途是建立「返回頂部」連結。透過將 HREF 屬性設為「#」而不指定元素的 ID,頁面頂部 會建立一個鏈接,點擊該連結會將頁面捲回頂部。

我可以使用 HREF 連結到即時聊天或訊息服務嗎?

是的,您可以在 HREF 中使用特定的統一資源定位器 (URL) 方案來連結到即時聊天或訊息服務。許多聊天平台提供自訂 URL 方案(例如「whatsapp://」),您可以使用它們直接從超連結發起對話(假設使用者已安裝相關應用程式)。

HREF 在響應式設計中扮演什麼角色?

雖然 HREF 本身在響應式設計中不會改變,但處理連結的方式可能會改變。在響應式佈局中,您可能會根據裝置功能擁有不同的連結或不同的行為。例如,「tel」連結僅在可以撥打電話的裝置上才有意義,且 JavaScript 可用於更改 HREF 值,以在不同的螢幕尺寸上提供更好的使用者體驗。

對於已訪問和未訪問的鏈接,HREF 的樣式是否可以不同?

是的,您可以使用級聯樣式表 (CSS) 偽類為已訪問和未訪問的連結設定不同的 HREF 樣式。 ':link' 可用於設定未存取連結的樣式,':visited' 可用於已存取連結。這使您可以向用戶提供有關他們已點擊的連結的視覺回饋。

我想創建一個下拉式選單。項目是否需要 HREF?

如果您的下拉式選單項目觸發導航以外的其他互動(例如在頁面上顯示更多內容或執行 JavaScript 函數),則不需要 HREF。但是,如果下拉式選單中的每個項目都旨在將使用者帶到新頁面,則在這些情況下將使用 HREF。

{"pageComponentDataId":"537198bf07954-401a-b47a-087e257f1d72","isAssociatedRelease":"true","pageComponentDataLangCode":"en_hk","configData":{"jumpType":"currentTab","headlineColor":"black","displayNumber":"","styleMode":"vertical","miniCardHoMode":"2","headline":"","products":[{"number":{"t_id":"len101t0102","language":{"zh_hk":"len101t0102","en":"","en_hk":"len101t0102","zh":""},"id":"Page497e178f-e4db-4b5b-b1a5-ec4687329efb"}},{"number":{"t_id":"len101t0104","language":{"zh_hk":"len101t0104","en":"","en_hk":"len101t0104","zh":""},"id":"Page9145835b-830f-4dee-9765-5a8ed87b670f"}},{"number":{"t_id":"len101t0081","language":{"zh_hk":"len101t0081","en":"","en_hk":"len101t0081","zh":""},"id":"Pagebb4de9bf-4262-41eb-9982-04bc0777035c"}},{"number":{"t_id":"len101g0036","language":{"zh_hk":"len101g0036","en":"","en_hk":"len101g0036","zh":""},"id":"Paged7259f59-5586-49c9-8b68-20a93f7b4c51"}}]},"urlPrefix":"AAAAAAALAAAG","needGetLatestTransDataKey":"needGetLatestTransDataValue","title":"glossary-right-blue-boxes-fragment","pageId":"82171833-6325-4d09-947e-5979c9876a90","urlEdit":0,"uri":"/FragmentDirectory/glossary/glossary-right-blue-boxes-fragment.frag","pageComponentId":"537198bf07954-401a-b47a-087e257f1d72","tplId":"c7389f9a-59c0-4c34-a9e1-f1c090c6ab86","pageComponentUuid":"537198bf07954-401a-b47a-087e257f1d72","targetUser":"0"}
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